High blood pressure is not a sentence. Medicine is constantly evolving, scientists are finding new ways to treat hypertension, which allow patients with hypertension to live a full life for a long time without serious consequences. Diagnosis plays an important role in treating hypertension. There are different types of high blood pressure that require specific therapy. Treatment is prescribed by a doctor after a comprehensive examination. Don't leave high blood pressure unattended. All signs of high blood pressure require medical attention.
stages of hypertension
Hypertension develops in stages, so it is customary to distinguish three stages of the disease:
- Stage 1 hypertension- The disease proceeds in a mild form, the pressure increases within 140/90-160/100 mm Hg. Art. The pressure rises for a short time and normalizes without taking antihypertensive drugs. The first symptoms can appear in stage 1: headaches, ringing in the ears, sleep disorders, loss of performance, dizziness, nosebleeds.
- 2 steps- a disease of moderate severity. The pressure increases to 160/100 - 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains elevated before taking an antihypertensive drug. In addition to dizziness and migraines, there is heart pain.
- 3 steps- a severe form of high blood pressure. The pressure rises above 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains consistently high even during sleep and rest. Hypertensive crisis develops against the background of hypertension.
Hypertension is a disease of the big cities. The larger the city, the higher the likelihood of becoming a victim of high blood pressure. The high psychoemotional stress is to blame.
Is it possible to get rid of hypertension and pressure surges?
Heart attacks and strokes are the cause of almost 70% of all deaths worldwide. Seven out of ten people die from a blockage in the arteries of the heart or brain. In almost all cases, the reason for such a terrible end is the same - pressure surges due to hypertension.
It is possible and necessary to lower the pressure, there is no other way. However, this does not cure the disease itself, but only helps combat the effect and not the cause of the disease.
Symptoms - when to see a doctor
Hypertension is often asymptomatic, and a person becomes aware of the presence of the disease in the second or third stage when hypertension becomes more difficult to cure. It is necessary to carefully monitor all changes in the body so as not to miss the first messengers of hypertension:
- quick revision;
- poor memory;
- severe pain in the head of a pulsating nature;
- Turn head;
- Sleep disorders;
- black flies before the eyes;
- hyperemia;
- Arrhythmia;
- heartache;
- trembling of the limbs ;
- Chills;
- hyperhidrosis.
All of these are symptoms of high blood pressure. Medical intervention is required in this condition.
Reasons for the development of pathology
Doctors call a genetic predisposition the main reason for the development of the disease. Other causes of high blood pressure:
- frequent stress;
- overweight;
- high cholesterol;
- excessive alcohol consumption;
- Smoking;
- Diseases of the nervous system, endocrine system, hypothalamus;
- predominantly sedentary lifestyle;
- kidney disease;
- hypoxia;
- eat salty foods;
- period of menopause;
- Exposure to loud noise.
Many causes of high blood pressure lie in an unhealthy lifestyle.
An integrated approach in the management of hypertension
To normalize blood pressure, doctors recommend adjusting your lifestyle. It is necessary to establish a regime, give up bad habits and adjust the body mass index to the norm. An important point will be diet and refusal of salt.
Work plan recommendations:
- reduce workload;
- refuse night or extra shifts;
- Schedule time for a little break during the workday;
- implement a sleep and rest schedule;
- move more.
Comprehensive treatment of hypertension involves the appointment of antihypertensive drugs. Treatment with drugs is prescribed by the attending physician after examination and diagnosis. With hypertension, it is important to eliminate the cause of the disease. The treatment of arterial hypertension is selected according to the indication, age, concomitant diagnoses.
Clinical Guidelines
Non-drug treatments for high blood pressure:
- weight loss;
- Dietetic nutrition, except animal fats;
- reducing salt intake to 5 grams per day;
- Refusal of smoked food, sausage, salted fish;
- Inclusion in the diet of foods rich in potassium and magnesium: legumes, baked potatoes, dried fruits, rose hips, oatmeal, buckwheat, millet, nuts;
- Reduction of alcohol consumption to 30 grams for men and 15 grams for women, beer drinks and red wine should be completely excluded;
- stop smoking;
- reduction in physical activity;
- reducing the effects of stressful situations;
- taking sedatives;
- complete sleep.
If non-drug therapy does not bring results, the doctor adds drugs:
- angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors;
- diuretics;
- beta blockers;
- calcium channel blockers.
Means for the treatment of hypertension are selected by the attending physician according to indications. If monotherapy does not work, the doctor adds an additional drug from another pharmacological group. Complex treatment involves a combination of two or three antihypertensive drugs.
Effective blood pressure lowering pills
At a young age, blood pressure is quickly restored. But with age, it becomes more and more difficult to normalize blood pressure indicators. When taking a number of drugs, addiction develops, withdrawal syndrome occurs, which can lead to hypertensive crisis. Patients with high blood pressure often have to take antihypertensive medication for life.
Important notes
The patient must treat hypertension for life. Antihypertensive drugs normalize blood pressure readings, but they must be continued to avoid a sharp increase in blood pressure again. A sharp increase in pressure is dangerous, it can cause irreversible changes in the body, including heart attack and stroke.
The treatment regimen for hypertension is prescribed by the attending physician after a comprehensive examination according to indications. It is important to follow all the instructions of a specialist, follow a diet for patients with hypertension and change your lifestyle. An integrated approach to the treatment of arterial hypertension brings good results.
Treatment regimens for high blood pressure often include multiple antihypertensive drugs. Combinatorial treatment brings faster and better results. Most often, doctors use a combination of two or three drugs from different pharmacological groups. When prescribing drugs, the doctor checks drug interactions and tolerability. With combination therapy, drugs are prescribed in minimal dosages.
Hypertension can be caused by various external and internal factors, so combination therapy from different pharmacological groups has a complex effect. In most cases, antihypertensive drugs are not addictive. They are prescribed for long-term use in order to normalize the patient's condition for a long time. Some medications have to be taken for life.
Treatment of hypertension with drugs is prescribed by the attending physician after the examination. When taking any medication, it is necessary to strictly follow the prescriptions of a specialist in order to achieve the necessary antihypertensive effect without undesirable side effects on the body.
You can not take medicines for high blood pressure only according to the instructions. Hypertension requires individual treatment. To do this, the doctor conducts a comprehensive examination, and then selects only one method of treatment for hypertension. When prescribing a drug, the doctor checks drug compatibility, contraindications and warns of possible side effects. You do not have to be afraid of all the side effects that are indicated in the instructions. Most reactions occur in exceptional cases. Antihypertensive drugs are well accepted by patients.
With high blood pressure, you need to take the pills daily. The frequency of administration depends on the type of drug. Short-acting drugs quickly reduce pressure, but do not last more than 4 hours. You need 4 to 6 tablets per day. Long-acting drugs help for a day, so it's enough to drink one pill in the morning and forget about high blood pressure.
It is not possible to change the dosage or the prescribed course of therapy independently. This can lead to complications or stroke.
Regular therapy is a prerequisite for normalizing blood pressure and reducing the risk of hypertensive crisis. Alternative recipes for treating hypertension are also suitable, but it is necessary to warn the doctor about all methods of treating hypertension. You may only take herbal preparations or prepare infusions after consulting a specialist.
Alternative methods of lowering blood pressure
To treat high blood pressure, not only drug therapy is used, but also alternative methods. You can reduce the pressure of hypertension with the help of herbal medicine, natural infusions and folk recipes for pressure passed from generation to generation.
Methods of treatment without drugs are based on the healing properties of various foods and plants:
- Treasure. To lower blood pressure, prepare decoctions, mixtures, honey infusions mixed with other herbs, berries, vegetables and fruits. Tinctures with honey from wild rose, rowan, viburnum, raisins, plums, dried apricots, hawthorn are effective.
- Kalina. To normalize the functioning of the cardiovascular system, viburnum berries are eaten raw along with the seeds. To lower blood pressure, you can prepare a hot drink from viburnum: berries with seeds are poured with boiling water, left in a thermos for a couple of hours, and then drunk with sugar or honey.
- Black and red mountain ash. It will take 1 kg of berries and 700 g of sugar. Berries need to be crushed and mixed with sugar. The sweet composition is taken 100 grams twice a day. You can cook a medicinal syrup from mountain ash with sugar, which you need to drink 3 times a day, 1 tbsp. l.
Recipes to lower blood pressure:
- Beetroot juice with honey. Mix equal parts honey with beetroot juice. Drink the resulting tincture no more than 5 times a day, 2 tbsp. l.
- Cranberry juice with honey. Mix equal parts honey with cranberry juice. The resulting composition is taken three times a day for 1 tbsp. l. 20-30 minutes before meals.
- Decoction of viburnum with honey. Crush 100 g of viburnum berries, add 100 g of buckwheat honey, boil. Cool the broth, then drink 1 tbsp 3 times a day. l.
- Tincture of vegetables and honey. It will take 200 grams of carrot juice, beetroot, 100 grams of cranberry juice, 200 grams of honey and 100 ml of alcohol. Mix the ingredients, insist for three days and take 1 tbsp. l. three times a day.
- Mineral water drink with honey and lemon. Mix honey, mineral water, lemon juice. The resulting drink must be consumed 1 glass per day. The duration of therapy is 7-10 days.
- Drink with hawthorn berries. 100 grams of hawthorn berries need to be cleaned of seeds and poured 2 glasses of cold drinking water. Leave overnight. Boil and strain the drink in the morning. The duration of therapy is 1 month.
- A soup made from potatoes. Peel the potatoes, pour the peels with water and bring to a boil. Take 2 glasses a day.
With high blood pressure, doctors recommend avoiding salty, spicy, smoked and fatty foods. Confectionery should be replaced with dried fruits.
Measures to prevent hypertension
Follow these simple guidelines to maintain normal blood pressure:
- Reduce the amount of salt consumed to 5 grams or completely avoid salty foods: salt retains fluid, which leads to vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure.
- Reducing the consumption of animal fats, cholesterol products: the list of restrictions includes fatty meat, lard, caviar, eggs, mayonnaise products, rich products, margarine, butter, ice cream, confectionery;
- Refuse caffeinated drinks: these are strong black tea, coffee, cola, Pepsi, energy drinks;
- increase the intake of foods rich in potassium and magnesium: minerals have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, reduce vascular spasms; a lot of potassium in citrus fruits, potatoes, rye bread, legumes, dried fruits, radishes, white cabbage, bananas, black currants, garlic, asparagus, parsley, carrots, cucumbers; Magnesium can be found in buckwheat, oatmeal, millet, chocolate, walnuts, beets;
- Increase consumption of ascorbic acid: Vitamin C is found in fresh vegetables, fruits and berries. You must eat food raw. a lot of ascorbic acid is found in citrus fruits, black currants, wild roses, sea buckthorn.
In the initial stages, it is not difficult to cure hypertension. The main thing is to contact a specialist in time. Persistent high blood pressure, which requires complex therapy and regular pressure measurements, is more difficult to treat. The therapy is prescribed exclusively by a doctor according to the indication. Left untreated in the later stages, it can lead to a cerebrovascular accident or a heart attack.